The Crucible By Arthur Miller - 1073 Words

Lyndsay Curatolo Honors English 10 Mrs. Tancredi 6 November 2015 Motivation by Fear During the course of history there has been a continuous pattern of traits in people. While some of those traits have been favorable, other traits have been negative and caused great disruptions in society. In the year 1692 in the town of Salem, Massachusetts many of these negative traits were revealed. A fascination about witches swept through the small, Puritan village in Salem. The impacts of the allegations were fatal; for many people their families were torn apart and life as they knew it was gone. In The Crucible by Arthur Miller, he illustrates this. Miller’s purpose was to show how fear motivates people and he demonstrates this through the characters of Mary Warren, Tituba, and Reverend Parris. In the play The Crucible Miller’s purpose of fear can motivate people is also demonstrated by the character of Mary Warren. For example, in Act One after the dancing in the forest and the first accusations happen Mary Warren says â€Å"Abby, she’s going to die! It’s a sin to conjure† (Miller 20). This shows that after the girls were done in the woods and accusations began, Mary became very fearful and scared that something was going to come back to her. Since then Mary had become very resentful towards Abigail, who made her â€Å"conjure spirits† in the forest; consequently, the fear of being caught made Mary resent Abigail, proving Miller’s purpose about how fear can motivate people. Similarly,Show MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1269 Words   |  6 PagesAt first glance, the playwright Arthur Miller in The Crucible highlights the historical significance of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, but in fact it is an allegorical expression of his perception of McCarthyism. If the reader has some background information on Arthur Miller’s victimization as a communist, it is evident that the play is a didactic vessel illustrating the flaws of the court system in the 1950’s. The communist allegations were launched at government employees, entertainers and writersRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1681 Words   |  7 Pagesof their way to the last dying breath to make sure they leave with a good or bad reputation. In one of the recent literature study in class â€Å"The Crucible† by Arthur Miller, Miller uses characterization to illustrate reputation throughout the play. â€Å"The Crucible† takes place in Salem, Massachusetts. It is based upon the Salem witch trails. In â€Å"The Crucible†, we journey through the life of three characters who reputations plays a major role in the play. The three characters are John Proctor, AbigailRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1333 Words   |   6 PagesAs the various characters in The Crucible by Arthur Miller interact, the dominant theme of the consequences of women’s nonconformity begins to slide out from behind the curtains of the play. Such a theme reveals the gripping fear that inundated the Puritans during the seventeenth century. This fear led to the famous witch-hunts that primarily terrorized women who deviated from the Puritan vision of absolute obedience and orthodoxy. Arthur Miller presents his interpretation of the suffering by subtlyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller998 Words   |  4 Pagesmotivated by jealousy and spite. The Crucible is a four-act dramatic play production that was first performed on January 22, 1953. Arthur Miller used dialogue within the characters to cover the multiple themes; conflicts and resolutions, plus the few directions for the different actions of the play. The Salem Witch Trials were intended to be performed as the play however, when read, it can be more carefully examined and broken down to analyze the techniques. Miller, the playwright, uses literaryRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1145 Words   |  5 PagesUnbalance Through The Centuries In Arthur Miller’s play, The Crucible, the author reflects the persecution of communists in America in the 1950’s through a recount of the Salem witch trials. It is often presumed that Miller based his drama directly off of events that were particularly prevalent in the years surrounding the publication of The Crucible- which was released in the year 1953, towards the conclusion of the Korean War. Although there was not a literal witch hunt occurring during this timeRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1063 Words   |  5 PagesIn the English dictionary, there are three definitions of the word crucible. One is a metal container in which metals are mixed and melted. Another is a severe test. But the third definition, and the one that I think fits the best for this book, is a place or situation in which different elements interact to create something new. In my mind, this fits because all of the characters had their little grudges and dirty secrets. But when all th ose seemingly little things interact, they formed somethingRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1285 Words   |  6 Pages Rationale, Morality, Stereotypes, Pressure, Self-Censorship, Unanimity, and Mindguards. Groupthink has also taken place in our history a a country. The play, The Crucible by Arthur Miller is about a the real-life Salem Witch Trials that happened in 1692 - 1693, in Salem, Massachusetts. Some symptoms of Groupthink found in the Crucible are Rationale, Pressure, and Self-Censorship. The Groupthink symptom, Rationale, is described as when victims of Groupthink ignore warnings: they also collectivelyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller811 Words   |  4 Pages While The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, is only a four act play, it still resembles the format of a five act play. The five-act structure evolved from a three-act structure, which was made famous by Roman Aelius Donatus. Donatus came up with three types of plays: Protasis, Epitasis, and Catastrophe. The five-act structure helped to expand the three act structure, mainly made famous by Shakespeare through his many tragedies. Even though The Crucible contains only four acts, it still has the commonRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1052 Words   |  5 PagesBuddy Al-Aydi Ms.Healy English 9 CP 14th October 2014 The Crucible Essay The Crucible was a novel written by Arthur Miller in the 1950’s. It was written in a format of the play, portraying an allegory of the Salem Witch-Hunts led by Senator Joseph McCarthy. The book is known to have a inexplicable plot. This plot is advanced by multiple characters in the book in order to ensure that the reader maintains interest with the material that is being read. The farmer, John Proctor, would be theRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller841 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crucible is a chaotic play, throughout this American classic Arthur Miller takes the reader through multiple events of terror and insanity. While creating a great on-stage play, Arthur Miller portrays his life through the events, the characters, and plot of The Crucible. Using vivid imagery and comprehensible symbolism, Miller manipulates the real personalities of the characters and events in 1600 Salem, Massachusetts to create a symbolic autobiography. Throughout this play, the reader experie nces

Helping Teens Avoid Bulimia And Anorexia - 1028 Words

Alexis WIlley Mrs.Gallos English 3 05 April 2017 How to Help Teens Avoid Bulimia and Anorexia Even though some teens have health conditions that make them very skinny or problems going on at home does not mean they have to hurt themselves. Teens need to avoid bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa. Some teens do not have self confidence in themselves. Many teens have died or get other medical conditions for becoming bulimic or anorexic. Bulimia nervosa is a life threatening eating disorder. Bulimia nervosa is where an individual binge eats and then immediately purges after they eat. How do they do this, they usually eat more than what they usually do in one sitting. They say that teens usually,† eat until the point of physical†¦show more content†¦( Graph ) Anorexics have many problems that they face, like depression, feeling left out, not fitting in, anxiety, and etc. The problem is that they do not like to talk about it and doctors try to get them to come out of there shell a little. When they see the doctor they always do a,† self evaluation†( Overview) because they want to examine the body and see how bad it has gotten. If they see them early, enough then they will not have as many medical conditions to worry about, but if they wait a long time,then there is a possibility that it is too late and there organs have already began to shut down. So it is very important that they have someone with them when they go through treatment because a lot can happen and they need the support from family or friends that care. Bulimia is very hard to diagnose because teenagers just do not come out and say that there bulimic. Also was families because , denial is common in family members because they do not want to believe that their child has a disorder† ( Bulimia and Teenagers). Bulimics usually get diagnosed with more than one problem because there body is destroyed on the inside. It is destroyed because they are constantly making themselves throw up again and again or making themselves use the bathroom repeatedly. Bulimics also have the possibility of not making it depending on howShow MoreRelatedAn Essay On Eating Disorder And The Store s Front Windows Are Slender, Tall, And Muscular Mannequins Essay1653 Words   |  7 Pagesdriving down the road, walking down the street, or sitting at home watching tv. There are billboards and commercials everywhere advertising diet programs. The average 8-18 year old spends 7.5 hours a day engaged in some sort of media, and 2.7% of teens between 13-18 strugg le daily with an eating disorder ( Statistics Research). Kids are supposed to hang out with their friends and have fun, they should not be worried about how much they weigh, what people will think of them, or if they are consideredRead MoreEating Disorders Essay1588 Words   |  7 Pagesdisorders are progressively consuming the nation as proven by bulimia nervosa, excessive overeating, and orthorexia nervosa. Bulimia nervosa is a very commonly known eating disorder. Like anorexia nervosa, bulimics strive to fit a specific body image. Bulimia was noticed to be a separate illness than anorexia in the early 1970’s because of certain characteristics and symptoms defining it (Smolin and Grosvenor 94). People faced with bulimia have a desperate need to control their food intake. AfterRead MoreEating Disorders : Social, Genetics, And Psychological1702 Words   |  7 Pagesperfect body we must put our own bodies through unhealthy habits which can lead to the harm of ourselves physically and mentally. In fact, â€Å"Every 62 minutes at least one person dies as a direct result from an eating disorder†(National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders.Eating). Eating disorders are growing rapidly and they will continue to grow if nothing is done to help the victims throughout the world understand that the only way to obtain a perfect body is to be happy with oneRead M oreJocelyn Bennett. Mrs. Gallos. English 3 Honors. 6, April1741 Words   |  7 Pagesperfect body they must put their bodies through unhealthy habits which can lead to the harm of themselves physically and mentally. In fact, â€Å"Every 62 minutes at least one person dies as a direct result from an eating disorder† (National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders Eating). Eating disorders are growing rapidly, and they will continue to grow if nothing is done to help the victims throughout the world understand that the only way to obtain a perfect body is to be happy with oneRead MoreEating Disorders in Adolescents1468 Words   |  6 Pagesage seven showing dissatisfaction with their bodies, and as young as nine starting dieting, eating disorders are a serious issue in our society. Taking a look at perceptions, peer influence and medical issues associated with the disorders of anorexia and bulimia and how it effects adolescents. Individuals with eating disorders often perceive the image of their bodies as larger instead of what is normal for them. Views of what is attractive have become so distorted and skewed by the things childrenRead MoreEating Disorders : A Health Problem1834 Words   |  8 Pagesis a serious health problem that can take several years to recover from. They are disorders that are some of the most difficult illnesses to understand and diagnose. Two million people in the world suffer from eating disorders whether it s anorexia or bulimia . Two thirds of teenage girls and one third of teenage boys do not like their bodies and the weights they are at. Eating disorders are sweeping the country and are often referred to as the â€Å"Deadly Diet.† This health problem can begin anywhereRead More The Media and Negative Body Image Essays2072 Words   |  9 Pagesyou imagine how ugly, scarce, and hateful it would be. What would you do if a magazine or a television show told you that your b ody weight had to be twenty pounds lighter to be all most perfect? Would you actually consider the fact or let ignore it? Teens, mainly girls, will be sucked into these magazines. (National Eating Disorders Info Centre 15) These could be magazines like Seventeen and Cosmo Girl. In addition with many others of course. All though, the media is a bad example at times it is notRead MoreEating Disorders in America Essay894 Words   |  4 Pagesand what actually happenes when you have an eating disorder or how to detect a eating disorder. There are many types of eating disorders but they all have one thing in common, phsycological disorders. The main types of eating disorders are Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia, and Bindge eating but are not limited to these. The main focus in theses eating disorders are food. Many eating disorder patients have problems with self body issues and/or self confidence. There are many problems with these eating disordersRead MoreWhy Teens Shouldnt Diet2136 Words   |  9 PagesWhy Teens Shouldnt Diet Dieting can be defined as restricting calories or food groups (Deal with Diets: kidshealth.org). With the number of obese people growing, its no wonder that people are starting to diet, and in 1988, Americans spent 32 billion dollars on diets and diet products (Baird: Womens Health Fact Sheet). A problem arises when teens start restricting their food, because dieting can be very harmful to a teenagers still-developing body. It can also be harmful to the teens psychologicalRead MoreWhat Are the Challenges That Face a Psychotherapist Working with Self-Harm or Eating Disorders?†3191 Words   |  13 PagesWhilst acknowledging eating disorders can include overeating I will base the essay around anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. I will look at the various theories around the subject as well as provide examples of my own experience working within this field. â€Å"I am dying to be thin†. And quite literally death is a strong possibility for people who have an eating disorder. Whether it is anorexia or bulimia the person affected will normally have a distorted body image. Even where there isn’t a

History of the Violin Essay Example For Students

History of the Violin Essay History of the Violin The most beautiful sounding violins in existence today were made in Italy in the early 1700s, a period called the golden age of violin making. These instruments, especially those made by Antonio Stradivari and Guarneri del Gesu, are the most desired instruments by both collectors and performers, selling for millions of dollars. Modern day violin-makers have not been able to successfully copy the techniques they used to produce the same quality sound of violins that was made during this period. The violin produces sound by drawing a bow across one or more strings which may be held down by the fingers of the other hand to produce a full range of pitches. The violin is the smallest and highest pitched member of the bowed string instruments, which also includes the viola, the cello, and the double bass. The violins and violas are higher in pitch than cellos and basses because the length of their strings is shorter (Rapoport 23). Violins can be handmade by a luthier, or a violin-maker, made in a workshop, or made in a factory. A violin has more than 70 parts that must be put together in just the right way to achieve the best sound. The quality of the violin depends on the quality of the materials and workmanship. Maple or spruce wood is used most often for the body of the violin. The wood must be seasoned, which is best done in fresh air over eight to ten years, before it is carved to make the violin. Precise calculations must be used to determine the correct thickness of the wood for both structural strength and beauty of tone. The patterns used to make violins are based on models built by great makers, such as Antonio Stradivari or Guarneri del Gesu. Instruments made by Stradivari are often referred to as Stradivarius and those made by Guarneri as del Gesus. From about 1700, the violin started to replace the viol, a much larger bowed string instrument played in the 1500s and 1600s. Today, the violin is probably the best known of all orchestral instruments (Paker 10). The violin was the result of a process of evolution, rather than a moment of inspiration. At the end of the fifteenth century there were only primitive instruments, good for providing dance music or accompanying voices but not for carrying their own tune (Faber 15). Catherine de Medici was the queen consort of France from 1547 until the death of her husband, King Henry II, in 1559. Her support of the violin was crucial to its ability to flourish. Around 1555, an Italian dance band of violinists arrived at the French court. She set off on a tour that lasted two years and ordered a set of thirty-eight string instruments. All of the instruments were made in the Italian town of Cremona by Andrea Amati, whose family would dominate violin-making for the next one hundred years. Nicolo Paganini, an Italian violinist, was a celebrated virtuoso in the early 1800s. His fame spread across Europe and he was the first traveling virtuosi to show how profitable violin playing could be (Faber 104). He played a del Gesu violin, nicknamed the Cannon. Paganini was instrumental in the popularization of many techniques and showmanship in violin-playing, which are now incorporated into regular compositions. Antonio Stradivari, the greatest violin-maker of his or any other age, was born in 1644 and began violin-making at the age of twenty-two. His earliest known violin of 1666 was stamped with the Amati name, which seems to show that he apprenticed under the Amati family of violin-makers. .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581 , .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581 .postImageUrl , .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581 , .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581:hover , .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581:visited , .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581:active { border:0!important; } .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581:active , .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581 .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2542c1a9cede8fbf16cabd202d940581:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Korean Conflict EssayUntil Antonio Stradivari started making them, the violin wasn’t so bright and interesting as they are now. He made them more lively and louder sounding (Faber, front flap). In the course of his long career in the northern Italian town of Cremona, he created more than a thousand stringed instruments; approximately 600 still survive. Many of Antonio Stradivari’s greatest instruments were made around his 70th birthday, which he celebrated in 1714. One of the greatest Stradivarius violins is the Titian which he made in 1715. It was named the Titian because its clear orange-red color resembled the work of the famous Venetian painter. The Titian has long been counted among Stradivari’s finest golden-period violins. It represents a blend of the design, techniques, styles, and accumulated experience at the time of its making. The earliest known owner was a French nobleman, the Comte D’Every. In 1922 it was acquired by celebrated violinist Efram Zimbalist who played it briefly. It is currently in the hands of soloist Cho-Liang Lin, who has performed with it since 2002. Antonio Stradivari died in 1737. There was an economic slowdown around this time that badly affected the demand for violins. Whether it was the low demand for violins at the time or his sons’ lack of ability or ambition, the family business did not continue much longer after his death. His remaining inventory was sold to collectors, along with his violin patterns and the tools that he used. Today, attempts to copy Stradivari’s techniques seem doomed to failure. Although his violins have been the subjects of scientific studies to analyze every component, the quality of the sound they produce has not been able to be duplicated. Stradivarius violins are now about 300 years old and many that may have been great once are becoming damaged by time. One day there may not be any left. If we don’t find a way to create violins with the same unique sound created by Stradivari, the future of the violin is at risk. Works Cited Faber, Toby. Stradivari’s Genius. New York: Random House, 2004. Print. Paker, Josephine. Music from Strings. Brookfield, Connecticut: Merlion Publishing Ltd. 1991. Print. Rapoport, Katherine. Violin for Dummies. Mississauga: John Wiley Sons Canada, Ltd. 2007. Print. Zygmuntowicz, Sam. Antonio Stradivari. (Cover story). Strad 120. 1426 (2009): 30-34. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 7 Mar. 2010.

Yahooo Essay Example

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Project Management Professional Practice Test

Project Management Professional Practice Test The  Project Management Institute  is a global project management organization. The group offers Project Management Professional  certification  that shows competency in a variety of project management and other business-related areas. The PMP certification process includes an exam based on the groups  Project Management Body of Knowledge  guide. Below are sample questions and answers that you might find on the PMP exam. Questions The following 20 questions are from  Whiz Labs, which provides information and sample tests for a fee for the PMP and other examinations. Question 1 Which of the following is a tool used to secure expert judgment? B.. Delphi techniqueC. Expected value techniqueD.  Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) Question 2 Based on the information provided below, which project would you recommend pursuing? Project I, with BCR (Benefit Cost ratio) of 1:1.6;Project II, with NPV of US $ 500,000;Project III, with IRR (Internal rate of return) of 15%Project IV, with opportunity cost of US $ 500,000. A. Project IB. Project IIIC. Either project II or IVD. Can not say from the data provided Question 3 What should be done by the project manager to ensure that all work in the project is included? A. Create a contingency planB. Create a risk management planC. Create a WBSD. Create a scope statement Question 4 What kind of a relationship is implied when completion of a successor is dependent on initiation of its predecessor? Choices:A. FSB. FFC. SSD. SF Question 5 What should a project manager do or follow to ensure clear boundaries for project completion? A. Scope verificationB. Complete a scope statementC. Scope definitionD. Risk management plan Question 6 An organization is certified to a stringent environmental standard and uses that as the key differentiator with its competitors. Alternative identification during scope planning for a particular project has thrown up an expeditious approach to achieve a project need, but this involves a risk of environmental contamination. The team evaluates that the likelihood of the risk is very low. What should the project team do? A. Drop the alternative approachB. Work out a mitigation planC. Procure an insurance against the riskD. Plan all precautions to avoid the risk Question 7 The following three tasks  form  the entire critical path of the project network. The three estimates of each of these tasks are tabulated below. How long would the project take to complete expressed with an accuracy of one standard deviation? Task  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Optimistic  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most likely  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  PessimisticA  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  15  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  25  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  47B  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  12  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  22  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  35C  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  16  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  27  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  32 A. 75.5B. 75.5 /- 7.09C. 75.5 /- 8.5D. 75.5 /- 2.83 Question 8 After a study of the work processes on a project, a quality audit team reports to the project manager that irrelevant quality standards were being used by the project, which might lead to rework. What was the objective of the project manager in initiating this study? A. Quality controlB. Quality planningC. Checking adherence to processesD. Quality assurance Question 9 Which of the following provides the foundation for team development? A. MotivationB. Organizational developmentC. Conflict ManagementD. Individual Development Question 10 Which of the following is NOT an input to project plan execution? A. Work authorization systemB. Project planC. Corrective actionD. Preventive action Question 11 A project manager would find team development the most difficult in which form of organization? A. Weak Matrix organizationB. Balanced Matrix organizationC. Projectized organizationD. Tight Matrix organization Question 12 The project manager of a large multi-location software project team has 24 members, out of which 5 are assigned to testing. Due to recent recommendations by an organizational quality audit team, the project manager is convinced to add a quality professional to lead the test team at additional cost, to the project. The project manager is aware of the importance of communication, for the success of the project and takes this step of introducing additional communication channels, making it more complex, in order to assure quality levels of the project. How many additional communication channels are introduced as a result of this organizational change in the project? A. 25B. 24C. 1D. 5 Question 13 Once the project is complete, the complete set of project records should be put in which of the following? A. Project ArchivesB. DatabaseC. Storage roomD. Project Report Question 14 Which of the following is a common format for performance reporting? A. Pareto DiagramsB. Bar chartsC. Responsibility Assignment MatricesD. Control Charts Question 15 If the cost variance is positive and the schedule variance is also positive, this indicates the: A. Project is  under  budget and behind scheduleB. Project is over budget and behind scheduleC. Project is under budget and ahead of scheduleD. Project is over budget and ahead of schedule Question 16 During execution of a project, an identified risk event occurs that results in additional cost and time. The project had provisions for contingency and management reserves. How should these be accounted for? A. Contingency reservesB. Residual risksC. Management reservesD. Secondary risks Question 17 Which one of the following is the last step of project closing? A. Client has accepted the productB. Archives are completeC. Client appreciates your productD. Lessons  learned are documented Question 18 Who should be involved in the creation of lessons learned, at the  closure  of a project? A. StakeholdersB. Project teamC. Management of the performing organizationD. Project office Question 19 An organization has recently started outsourcing work to a low cost, high value, engineering center located in a different country. Which of the following should the project manager provide for the team as a proactive measure? A. A training course on the laws of the countryB. A course on linguistic differencesC. An exposure to the cultural differencesD.A communication management plan Question 20 While reviewing the progress, the project manager assesses that an activity has been missed out from the implementation plan. A milestone, scheduled to be achieved within another week, would be missed with the current implementation plan. Which of the following is the next best action for the project manager in this situation? A. Report the error and the expected delayB. Omit the status update on the milestoneC. Report the error and the planned recovery actionsD. Assess alternatives to meet the milestone Answers The answers to the PMP sample questions are from  Scribd, a fee-based information website. Answer 1 B - Explanation: The Delphi technique is a commonly used tool to secure expert judgment while initiating a project. Answer 2 B - Explanation: Project III has an IRR of 15 percent, which means the revenues from the project equal the cost expended at an interest rate of 15 percent. This is a definitive and a favorable parameter, and hence can be recommended for selection. Answer 3 C - Explanation: A WBS is a deliverable-oriented grouping of project components that organizes and defines the total scope of the project. Answer 4 D - Explanation: A start-to-finish (SF) relationship between two activities implies that the completion of a  successor is dependent on the initiation of its predecessor. Answer 5 B - Explanation: The project team must complete a scope statement for developing a common understanding of the project scope among stakeholders. This lists project deliverables summary level sub-products, whose full and satisfactory delivery marks the completion of the project. Answer 6 A - Explanation:  The organization’s reputation being at stake, the threshold for such a risk would be very low Answer 7 B - Explanation: The critical path is the longest duration path through a network and determines the shortest time to complete the project. The PERT estimates of the tasks listed are 27, 22.5 26. Therefore, the length of the critical path of the project is 2722.526 75.5. Answer 8 D - Explanation:  Determining the  validity of quality standards, followed by the project is a quality assurance activity. Answer 9 D - Explanation: Individual development (managerial and technical) is the foundation of a team. Answer 10 A - Explanation: A Project plan is the basis of project plan execution and is a primary input. Answer 11 A - Explanation: In a functional organization, the project team members have dual reporting to two bosses the project manager and the functional manager. In a weak matrix organization, the power rests with the functional manager. Answer 12 A - Explanation: Number of communication channels with â€Å"n† members n*(n-1)/2. Originally the project has 25 members (including the project manager), which makes the total communication channels as 25*24/2 300. With the addition of the quality professional as a member of the project team, the communication channels increase to 26*25/2 325. Therefore, the additional channels as a result of the change, that is, 325-300 25. Answer 13 A - Explanation: Project records should be prepared for archiving by the appropriate parties. Answer 14 B - Explanation: Common formats for Performance Reports are, bar charts (also called Gantt Charts), S-curves, histograms, and tables. Answer 15 C -  Explanation: Positive Schedule Variance means the project is ahead of schedule; Negative Cost Variance means the project is over-budget. Answer 16 A - Explanation: The question is about correct accounting for risk events that occur and updating the reserves. Reserves are meant for making provisions in cost and schedule, to accommodate for consequences of risk events. Risk events are classified as unknown unknowns or known unknown, where â€Å"unknown unknowns† are risks that were are not identified and accounted for, while known unknowns are risks that were identified and provisions were made for them. Answer 17 B - Explanation: Archiving is the last step in the project closing. Answer 18 A - Explanation: Stakeholders include everyone who is actively involved in the project or whose interests may be affected as a result of the project execution or completion. The project team creates the lessons learned on the project.   Answer 19 C - Explanation: Understanding cultural differences is the first step towards an effective communication amongst the project team involving outsourced work from a different country. So, what is needed in this case is an exposure to the cultural differences, which is being mentioned as choice C. Answer 20 D - Explanation: Choice D, that is, assess alternatives to meet the milestone indicates confronting the issue with an attempt to resolve the issue. Hence this would be the best approach.

Motivation Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Motivation Theories - Essay Example 121-123). In fact, without this fuel human beings would be inactive, leading a mundane life. According to the dictionary meaning of motivation, it is 'an internal state or condition (sometimes described as a need, desire, or want) that serves to activate or energize behavior and give it direction'. In the field of psychology, human motivation has long been studied as a way to explain an individual's behaviour. In reality, motivation is inferred rather than measured. The inference is made due to behavioural changes that result from external stimuli. It is also a performance variable because changes in a person's motivation are frequently of a temporary nature; with many people, what is high priority today may become singularly unimportant tomorrow. Abraham Maslow first introduced the theory of Motivation in the year 1954 in his book Motivation and Personality which stated how people satisfied various personal needs in the context of their work. He postulated, based on his observations as a humanistic psychologist, that there is a general pattern of needs recognition and satisfaction that people follow in generally the same sequence. He also theorized that a person could not recognize or pursue the next higher need in the hierarchy until her or his currently recognized need was substantially or completely satisfied, a concept called Prepotency (Gawel, 1997). His theory influences a number of fields, including education. This wide influence is due in part to the high level of practicality of Maslow's (1954) theory. Many people find they can understand what Maslow (1954) says. They can recognize some features of their experience or behavior which is true and identifiable but which they have never put into words. Below is given th e original model of Maslow's hierarchy of needs (1954). According to Maslow et al. (1954), there seems to be a hierarchy into which human needs arrange themselves, as per the above figure. The psychological needs form the base of the model and hence require being satisfied first. These are the basic human needs to sustain life itself-food, clothing, and shelter. Until these basic needs are satisfied to the degree needed for the sufficient operation of the body, the majority of a person's activity will probably be at this level, and the others will provide little motivation. When these needs are somewhat satiated, other needs emerge. Once physiological needs become gratified, the safety, or security needs become predominant. These needs are essentially the need to be free of the fear of physical danger and deprivation of the basic physiological needs. In other words, this is a need for self-preservation. In addition to the here and now, there is a concern for the future. Once physiological and safety needs are fairly well satisfied, social or affiliation will emerge as dominant in the need structure. Since people are social beings, they have a need to belong and to be accepted by various groups. When social needs become dominant, a person will strive for meaningful relations with others. After individuals begin to satisfy their need to belong, they generally want to be more than just a member of their group. They then feel the need for esteem- both self-esteem

Proficiency tests Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Proficiency tests - Essay Example The test consists of 4 sections: reading (36-70 questions), listening (34-51 questions), speaking (6 tasks), and writing (2 tasks). TOEIC is a test designed to measure English language skills for business. There are two types of TOEIC tests: Speaking and Wring Test, Listening and Reading Test. Employers from all over the world use TOEIC tests to evaluate the proficiency of a potential employee to communicate in English. Listening and Reading test consists of 2 sections, and students are given 2,5 hours to complete it. Speaking tests consists of 11 questions to be answered in 20 minutes. Writing test has 8 tasks to be completed in an hour. IELTS is the International English Language Testing System. The test is to measure person’s reading, writing, listening and speaking skills. The test has an Academic version for those who take it for studying purposes, and a General Training version, which evaluates the person’s ability to live and work in an English-speaking environment. In general the test is designed to be taken for studying, immigration, and employment. At first a test taker has to take reading (1 hour) and writing (1 hour) tests. Then is the turn of the listening (30 min) and speaking (11-14 min)